DAMPAK PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA TERHADAP ASPEK EKONOMI, SOSIAL BUDAYA DAN LINGKUNGAN FISIK DI DESA PANJALU

Abstrak

Abstract :The Impact of Tourism Development towards the Aspect of Economic, Social Culture
and Physical Environment in Desa Panjalu.

This study aims to determine the impacts of
tourism development towards the aspect of economics, social culture, and physical environment
in Desa Panjalu Kecamatan Panjalu Kabupaten Ciamis Province West Java. This study used
descriptive qualitative approach. The data were collected by researcher with direct observation
and depth interview with the government of Desa Panjalu and the representative from the local
community. The study showed that the tourism development particularly after the declaration
of Desa Panjalu as national tourism pilgrimage destination in West Java has been giving the
impacts toward the aspect of economy, social culture, and physical environment whether from
positive and negative side. From positive economic impact can be seen from the level of local
government revenues (Penghasilan Asli Desa/PAD), increasing the income of community, giving
the new jobs, and developing Desa itself. From negative impact can be seen in the increasing
of land price become more expensive.As social culture impacts, people tend to increase the
knowledge about history of Panjalu especially for those who get involved directly in tourism
activity, increasing the awareness of culture potency, increasing of status and image of local
community, increasing the awareness to build the extinct art and cultural potency, and increasing
the language ability (language of Java) in order to make better communication with the visitors
from East Java and Central Java, and community involvement in business tourism activity in area
of tourism in Desa Panjalu. Moreover, there was not negative reaction yet from the people toward
the social and culture aspect. The theoretical review that mention about the negative impact
such as local language erosion, consumptive behavior, pressuring toward social values, the way
of outfit, traditional culture and norm are not exist. In other words, the people of Desa Panjalu
still keep the local and norm values.The physical environmental impact occurred in two sides;
positive and negative. As a positive impact can be seen in inventorying the historical, cultural
and religious sites. By doing this effort, the visitors not only visit area of Nusa Gede but also the
other places which have cultural and historical values in Desa Panjalu. Moreover, the system
of local development is improved to give better services to the visitors. While, as the negative
impacts occurred in decreasing of water quality and influencing the lake’s depth which caused
by the rubbish and the fuel from the motor boat. Other controllable things are air pollution from
the vehicles and vegetation destroying in area of conservation. To create a tourism sustainable
activity in Desa Panjalu, the local government does not only pay attention to the positive impacts
but also the government needs to take strategic actions to minimize the negative impacts.
Key Words: tourism, development, economic impact, social culture impact, physical
environmental impacts